"Гибкие Автоматизированные Производства" |
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| Отсканированные страницы с текстом из пособия "ГАП" в формате GIF ¬ |
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Данный сайт, на котором Вы сейчас находитесь, называется "Пособие по обучению чтению на английском языке, М.Я. Баракова, Г.А. Мкртчян, Н.И. Наумова, 1990 г.".
Если Вы искали именно, это тогда вам сильно повезло. Здесь Вы найдете все необходимые тексты, находящиеся в учебнике и даже готовый перевод, который нужно просто взять и распечатать. |
Выше как Вы уже видели, находятся отсканированное изображение некоторых страниц в формате GIF взятые из Пособия по обучению чтению на английском языке название, которого "Гибкие Автоматизированные Производства".
Формат GIF это простая картинка, которую можно распечатать или просмотреть как в обычном, так и в увеличенном виде. |
Если посмотреть ниже там Вы сможете найти тот самый текст, который видели выше, но уже не в GIF, а в текстовом формате. Это сделано специально для тех, кому лень распознать текст, через какие либо программы для дальнейшего использования.
И еще одна фишка сайта заключается в том, что Вам не придется переводить тексты, это уже сделали за вас. |
| Вам необходимо, что-либо найти? Воспользуйтесь поиском. Может он Вам чем-то поможет. Удачи!!! |
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| Распознанный текст в формате DOC с отсканированных страниц расположенных выше ¬ |
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I can say a few words in favour of; To my mind; The reason is In addition (o this; I suppose; It goes without saying that и др.
VI. Обобщите информацию текста 3.2. Расскажите о видах устройств смены налет и их применение, исполезуя рис. 2.
Текст 3.3.
I. Прочитайте текст 3.3 и определите его основную идею.
Слова для понимания текста:
bearing cap - крышка подшипника
bearing housing - гнездо подшипника
bore spacing - расточенное, высверленное отверстие
cam follower - кулачковый толкатель
end-face - торцовая поверхность; tenon e.-f. - внутренняя цилиндри ческая поверхность; top e.-f. - передняя грань
invert - инвертировать, переворачивать; переставлять
FMS LINE FOR ENGINE PRODUCTION
1. Together with the growth of electronics the application of CNC machines has spread rapidly. The application of CNC is perfectly producing effects on flexible machining and combined machining in low production runs in a variety of parts.
2. Under such circumstances, automated and unmanned operations are important goals with the increase of production amount and the industry is more and more oriented towards FA (factory automation) and FMS which are attracting attention today. Now the concept of the FMS is spreading into all areas of the industrial world.
3. An example of the FMS is the system which consists of a row of six horizontal machining centres, with a rail-guided AGV running alongside the machines, past the computer room and between two special-purpose machines to the set-up area. There are a pair of turnover fixtures and a couple of cranes to reduce the effort involved in moving large cylinder blocks. The FMS does not include an automatic storage and retrieval (AS/R) warehouse because there is a central warehouse, accessed manually, for most of diesel engine components. It is outside the shop, but within the same building. There are eight pallet stations at the set-up area, from which the AGV (automated guided vehicle) can take work-pieces to the machines.
4. There are horizontal machining centres, which can handle workpieces up to 1000 x 1000 mm and 800 x 800 mm respectively. The machines are controlled by computerized numerical controls (CNCs). |
5. To start the FMS, the operators place cylinder blocks on pallets, and since the block must be machined on so many faces, two setting-up operations are required. For the first machine, which is nearest the computer room, the block is inverted on V-shape blocks on the rectangular pallet. Then, the block is mounted on one end-face, and is clamped down to a flat pallet.
6. Although the FMS is used to machine eight-, ten- and twelve-cylinder engines, there is little other variation: for example, the end-face of all blocks arc the same, as is the bore spacing. Therefore, each machining centre performs the same operations all the time. After the block has been reset on its end-face, it is passed through the machining centres moving down from the far end of the shop back toward the computer control room. Once it has moved through all the machining centres, the block is transferred through the two special-purpose machines.
7. At the first machining centre, the two end-faces are milled, drilled and reamed, and afterwards the main bearing housings - in the block only - are rough-machined. Then, the block is returned to the set-up area where it is mounted on one end-face before being transferred by AGV to the other end of the line where it is placed on the one machining centre in the line. This machine rough-mills the top decks of the block, while the next bores the registers for the wet cylinder liners.
8. The fourth process involves the machining of the holes for the head bolts on the top face, and also the milling of the tenon faces for the main bearing caps. Next, the other holes in the top face arc machined, while at the last machining centre, the bores for the cam followers are rough- and fine-bored.
9. Each of these operations takes about two hours, and when
the block is unloaded from the last machining centre, the AGV
takes it to one of the special-purpose machines. At these machines, the block and pallet are transferred by the AGV to a short
conveyor, and handling throughout the processes is automated.
10. Each of the machining centres is equipped with an automated tool-carrier (АТС) of 60 tools, simply because that is the standard model; on one machine, there are only about six tools, and it seemed that no more than 20 were required on any machine.
11. The complete FMS is under the control of a microcomputer, while radio control is used to control the movements of the AGV.
12. Besides, the system needs two operators all the time. They are needed to reset the machines and control system in the event of a breakage.
Пояснения к тексту 3.3:
1. special-purpose machine - станок для нестандартных операций |
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Для быстрого перехода от страницы к странице пользуйтесь навигацией (ниже) ¬ |
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