"Гибкие Автоматизированные Производства" |
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| Отсканированные страницы с текстом из пособия "ГАП" в формате GIF ¬ |
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Данный сайт, на котором Вы сейчас находитесь, называется "Пособие по обучению чтению на английском языке, М.Я. Баракова, Г.А. Мкртчян, Н.И. Наумова, 1990 г.".
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И еще одна фишка сайта заключается в том, что Вам не придется переводить тексты, это уже сделали за вас. |
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| Распознанный текст в формате DOC с отсканированных страниц расположенных выше ¬ |
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There are 54 injection molding machines in the plant, of which 39 presses arc dedicated to bumper production. There are 19 presses ranging in capacity from 2,500 to 4,000 ton.
System components. The material handling system at Milan consists of 23 automatic guided vehicles (AGVs), 105 motorized overhead monorail carriers travelling 5,00 fl of track, and a highrise automatic storage and retrieval system (AS/RS) with a capacity of 1,900 storage locations.
The AGVs link the unit load AS/RS with 12 injection molding machines, bonding, final assembly, and a packaging area. AGV pick up and drop off racks from pickup/deposit stations that are equipped with onboard roller conveyors.
The automatic electric monorail (AEM) system contains self powered carriers that ride on an overhead track and transport racks of bumpers between the AS/RS, a welding area, and three separate paint systems.
The AS/RS stores in-process bumpers until they are ready to move to the next manufacturing process. Racks of bumpers arc brought into and taken out of the unit load system at both floor level and on a magazine.
Production sequence. The production sequence begins with a bank of 18 injection molding machines, where the bumper face is produced. Bumpers are loaded into racks and then transferred to the AS/RS via AGV, where they arc stored for a minimum of 1 h for curing.
The next stage involves a trip via monorail to the welding operation, where a structural back bar is welded to the bumper face. The racks return to the AS/RS as a buffer between the three-shift welding versus two-shift painting, until they are sent, again via monorail, to the monoplane paint operation, where they arc treated with initial painting. After another trip to the AS/RS they travel, again by monorail, to the selective paint operation, where they receive final coats.
The molding area, packout area, and bonding area are all serviced by AGVs. When a rack of finished bumpers is taken out to packout, the bumpers are removed from the system container, assembled, and packed into a shipping container. That empty container, which is always internal to the automated system, is picked up by an AGV, which delivers it on demand to one of the injection molding machines for molded parts. In molding, there is a series of conveyors between two presses equipped with turntables, transfers, and lift tables. They determined through simulation the correct amount of queueing that will allow them to have an adequate supply for the production rate of the machine.
When they get to a low level of empty containers in molding because of imbalance between the two areas, the computer will |
automatically demand them from the high-rise to that press, Normally, it's a reasonably balanced operation. Whatever they pack out creates available empties for molding, then the molded At is transported to the high-rise.
Each one of these racks is unique in that it can carry 10 Miners. Each one has a bar code license plate, reflectors, mounting pins for robotic loading or unloading, and each one is capable of being carried from beneath by an AGV, or of being abed into a station by conveyors or chains or lifttables. On the IB, it is capable of being carried by a power-and-free chain conveyor or by the AEM. It is, therefore, a very versatile rack and a key element to the system.
All elements are controlled and monitored by a highly
sophisticated control system located on the shop floor. In the
control room, one person monitors color graphics screens which
alert the operator to any system malfunction. Radio-dispatched
skilled tradesmen can then be sent to deal with the problem. A
second operator enters by terminal delivery orders for all the
workcells. The scheduler needs to know what the assembly plant
requires, and determines that a particular workcell is going to
make 1,000 front bumpers, as an example.
That information is input into the terminal which will allow
the system to process out for AGV pickup the equivalent of 1,000
bumpers. So, basically, when the facebar is made, it then goes to
the high-rise for storage, and is tracked by a laser bar code
scanner, so that the computer system knows in real-time what and
where the rack is. There is a reflector behind each bumper
mounting position. The AGV departs with its load and goes to a
sizing and counting station, which checks the envelope of the
container to make sure that everything is in order. It also verifies
the count, verifies that the rack has arrived, and that everything
fits into the AS/RS envelope. Then, the computer will provide
information for the bumper racks to be randomly distributed in
the high-rise.
Control system. The highly sophisticated control system
consists of two DEC computers, one as primary and one for
backup. In the hierarchy of the control system, there are five
system director computers, one for the AEM, one for the AS/RS,
one for the conveyor, one for the AGVs, and one for backup.
A total of 72 programmable controllers PLCs and 10 additional PLC round out the control system. The whole system is a tightly integrated whole.
The historical background is also of some interest. The Milan plant originally manufactured fibreglass front ends, which was not highly profitable. When the decision was made to convert to manufacturing plastic bumpers, the plant was gutted in 1982. The |
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