"Гибкие Автоматизированные Производства" |
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| Отсканированные страницы с текстом из пособия "ГАП" в формате GIF ¬ |
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Данный сайт, на котором Вы сейчас находитесь, называется "Пособие по обучению чтению на английском языке, М.Я. Баракова, Г.А. Мкртчян, Н.И. Наумова, 1990 г.".
Если Вы искали именно, это тогда вам сильно повезло. Здесь Вы найдете все необходимые тексты, находящиеся в учебнике и даже готовый перевод, который нужно просто взять и распечатать. |
Выше как Вы уже видели, находятся отсканированное изображение некоторых страниц в формате GIF взятые из Пособия по обучению чтению на английском языке название, которого "Гибкие Автоматизированные Производства".
Формат GIF это простая картинка, которую можно распечатать или просмотреть как в обычном, так и в увеличенном виде. |
Если посмотреть ниже там Вы сможете найти тот самый текст, который видели выше, но уже не в GIF, а в текстовом формате. Это сделано специально для тех, кому лень распознать текст, через какие либо программы для дальнейшего использования.
И еще одна фишка сайта заключается в том, что Вам не придется переводить тексты, это уже сделали за вас. |
| Вам необходимо, что-либо найти? Воспользуйтесь поиском. Может он Вам чем-то поможет. Удачи!!! |
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| Распознанный текст в формате DOC с отсканированных страниц расположенных выше ¬ |
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1. Conveyor systems for flexible assembly operations have a great number of advantages. 2. Though these conveyors differ physical characteristics, they have many features in common. Loads carried by car-on-track conveyors differ greatly. 4. Car-on-track conveyor can have independent routing.
VII. Подготовьте резюме предпоследней статьи.
SECTION IV
I. Прочитайте статью, скажите, что может способствовав более широкому использованию ГАП.
HOST COMPUTER CONTROLS FMS AT ALL LEVELS
The Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) is the current level of applied automation in the field of manufacturing. The application of FMS is time-consuming and expensive, requiring advanced technical know-how. Reductions in the application characteristics will forward the rate of FMS introduction into industry. This г per describes an FMS host computer software in which many standard parameters can be pre-set to achieve these aims.
Manufacturing is a general term covering the preparation machining and assembly activities for component production. Here the machining aspects only are considered.
An FMS is an automated production system created achieve various benefits in component manufacture. One such benefit is flexibility in terms of the component types that can manufactured. This can be further defined as:
Instantaneous flexibility — the ability to re-sohedule components to alternative machines immediately a machine break
down.
Short-term flexibility - the ability of the system to chant from hour to hour, or day to day, the component mix being manufactured at any one time.
Long-term flexibility — the ability of the system to adapt I totally different component type mixes over the years that the. FMS is in use.
Another important benefit of FMS is productivity in terms of the unit costs of the components being produced.
An FMS can be realized by many configurations of hardware for the machines and controllers and their relevant software. It consists of one or more groups of automatic work centres (machining centres, wash machines, turning centres, etc.) linked by one or more automatic material flow systems, all under a production management control computer (host). |
FMSs can be designed around the concepts of DNC and group technology. This will depend upon the component spectrum and Bes of components which arc to be produced simultaneously in FMS.
There are three types of flow in an FMS: material flow, tool How flow and data flow. Material flow takes place between the machines, transport system, buffer stores and processing stations. Tool flow is between the tool assembly/setting stations and the machining centres' tool-magazine load/unload stations. Data flow is between the different control levels of the FMS.
The hierarchical structure of an FMS is divided into different control levels which use different controllers.
Level 1 — Physical Control: switches, relays, drives, etc.
Level 2 — Process Control and Logical Control:
(i) The NC's process control of the machining process parameter for primary equipment (e.g. machining centres)
(ii) The Programmable Logic Controller's (PLC) logical control
and sequential' monitoring of the primary equipment plus its
peripheral equipment (e.g. tool magazine)
(iii) PLC or microcomputer control of secondary equipment
(e.g. transport system).
Level 3 - Organisational Control (small FMS/Production Island).
This is a host's control of the primary and secondary equipment of Level 2, plus the provision of the human operator dialogue interface.
Level 4 - Organisational Control (Large FMS). This is as Level 3, where the subordinate controllers are two or more production island hosts under a larger FMS host control.
Level 5 - A level 3 or 4 host can be interfaced into non-FMS Be. CAD or MRP) system controllers (e.g. minicomputer or main frame) of a factory system.
Within the physical layout of an FMS, the machines can be applied to manufacturing the components in different ways. In a normal FMS configuration, some operations are completed on any one of a mix of interchangeable machines, and others on another mix of interchangeable machines.
The transport system can be of two main types. In the random access type, components are pulled out of a transport system randomly for delivery to a processing machine. An example is the conveyor loop. With the addressable type, such as an AGV system, components are picked up at one station and delivered to another. The transportation from source station to target station is under a controller's influence.
The choice of system design from the above characteristics remits in a particular FMS layout and is dependent upon the com- |
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